Research Article
Formation of Large Amplitude Solitons and Small Amplitude Double Layers in Two-temperature Non-isothermal Electron Plasma
Sankar Chattopadhyay*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
112-122
Received:
23 October 2024
Accepted:
15 November 2024
Published:
30 December 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpa.20241206.11
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Abstract: Propagation of large amplitude ion-acoustic solitary waves and small amplitude double layers have been investigated in a two-temperature non-isothermal electron plasma consisting of warm positive ions, warm negative ions and warm positrons by Sagdeev pseudopotential method (SPM). Small amplitude double layer solution (ϕDL) is also discussed theoretically in this paper for further investigation. Fully non-linear large amplitude compressive solitary waves and small amplitude compressive double layers are presented graphically by the corresponding figurs 1 – 14 under the variation of different values of the mass ratios (Q) of negative to positive ions, phase velocities (V) of solitary waves, negative ion concentrations (njo), positron densities (χ) and temperature ratios (σp) of electrons (Te) and positrons (Tp). Consequently this large amplitude electrostatic solitary waves and small amplitude electrostatic double layers in complex plasmas have broad applications in space plasma Physics, Astrophysics, Fusion technology, Plasma – based devices and Fundamental wave research, offering tools for exploring wave-particle interactions, stability and energy transfer in multi-species plasmas.
Abstract: Propagation of large amplitude ion-acoustic solitary waves and small amplitude double layers have been investigated in a two-temperature non-isothermal electron plasma consisting of warm positive ions, warm negative ions and warm positrons by Sagdeev pseudopotential method (SPM). Small amplitude double layer solution (ϕDL) is also discussed theoret...
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Research Article
Optimization of Conventional Radiology Doses During Adults Chests Examinations
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
123-128
Received:
3 December 2024
Accepted:
18 December 2024
Published:
30 December 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpa.20241206.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The aim of this work is the implementation of an optimization process for the doses delivered to patients during frontal chest exams. The study was conducted at the clinic call Polyclinic of Deux Plateaux and involved 300 patients for the chest exam. For each patient exposed to X-ray, we recorded the exposure parameters (kV, mAs, focus-film distance), when the radiological images were acceptable for diagnosis. Then, the entrance dose (De) for each patient and the Dose-Area Product (DAP) using a formula has been calculated. The optimization processes involved modifying the exposure parameters (kV and mAs) while ensuring an acceptable image quality for diagnosis and a second dosimetric evaluation was done in the same manner as before. The median of the distribution of De and the DAP are respectively 0.60 mGy and 613.80 mGy.cm2 with 112.12 kV and 6 mAs. After optimization, the results were 0.28 mGy and 286.31 mGy.cm2 with 115 kV and 3.19 mAs. We observe that the medians of De and DAP have been approximately halved. This study has enabled a significant reduction in doses for the frontal chest exam performed in adults simply by acting on exposure parameters. The quality of the radiological images was maintained at a level allowing the examination to be carried out and interpreted.
Abstract: The aim of this work is the implementation of an optimization process for the doses delivered to patients during frontal chest exams. The study was conducted at the clinic call Polyclinic of Deux Plateaux and involved 300 patients for the chest exam. For each patient exposed to X-ray, we recorded the exposure parameters (kV, mAs, focus-film distanc...
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